McLuhan, Marshall. Counterblast. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1969.

Work = fragmented task and consequent non-involvement of whole person. The executive as dropout.

Leisure = involvement, as in hobbies or in conversation. Where involvement is high, work is low. (p. 27)

When the whole man moves into a specialist area he is a clown. Hence the appeal of the comics. Clowns are integral. Every society has an acrobatic area for specialists. The clown in any society is what is left over, unused, from this acrobatic high-wire act.

Environment is process, not container. The content of environment gets changed into art form. Environment is always regarded as degrading. Bricks put indoors become art.

(p. 30)

Technologies begin as anti-environments, as controls, and then become environmental, needing the endless spawning of new anti-environments as controls. Dreams are anti-environment for physiological sleep. Private consciousness is anti-environment for collective unconscious as environment. (p. 30)